The top 10 today current affairs national and international current affairs for 29 October 2025 — covering India’s judiciary, energy, and global rankings.
1. Global Breakthrough: Coal Power to Peak by 2030 in China, India & Indonesia
Key Highlights:
- The world’s top 3 coal consumers — China, India, and Indonesia — may reach peak coal power and emissions by 2030, signalling a major climate milestone.
- Report by Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) highlights rapid clean energy expansion across Asia.
China’s Clean Energy Lead:
- China’s emissions already declining thanks to record renewable growth.
- Added 277 GW of solar in 2024 and 212 GW more in early 2025.
Read more: Today Current Affairs 28 October 2025
2. Justice Surya Kant to Become 53rd Chief Justice of India
Key Highlights:
- Justice Surya Kant recommended as the next (53rd) Chief Justice of India (CJI) by CJI B.R. Gavai.
- CJI Gavai will retire on November 24, 2025.
- The recommendation process follows the Memorandum of Procedure (MoP) for appointing the CJI.
- Justice Kant was born on February 10, 1962, in Hisar, Haryana.
- He served as Advocate-General of Haryana (2000) and became Senior Advocate (2001).
- He was Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh High Court (2018) and appointed to the Supreme Court (2019).
- He will retire on February 9, 2027.
3. Assam to Introduce Strict Law Against Polygamy
Key Highlights:
- Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma announced a law against polygamy.
- The Bill will be introduced on November 25, 2025, in the Assembly.
- The law applies irrespective of religion.
- Punishment: Minimum 7 years imprisonment for marrying another woman without legal divorce.
Read more: Today Current Affairs 27 October 2025
4. SEBI Proposes New Rules for High Value Debt Listed Entities (HVDLEs)
Key Highlights:
- Regulator: Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
- New HVDLE Limit: ₹5,000 crore
- Old Limit: ₹1,000 crore
- Announced On: October 2025 (Monday)
- Goal: Ease compliance and reduce regulatory burden.
5. India Announces ₹5,532 Crore Electronics Manufacturing Projects
Key Highlights:
- Scheme: Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS)
- Total Investment: ₹5,532 crore
- Key States: Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh
- Major Company: Kaynes Circuits India Pvt. Ltd.
- IT Minister: Ashwini Vaishnaw
6. Indian Army Observes 79th Infantry Day
Key Highlights:
- Observed on: 27th October every year
- First observed: 1948
- Significance: Marks Indian troops’ landing in Srinagar (1947 Kashmir operation)
- Key Regiment: 1st Battalion, SIKH Regiment
- Director General of Infantry: Lt. Gen. Ajay Kumar (as of 2025)
7. India Maritime Week 2025 Begins in Mumbai
Key Highlights:
- Event: India Maritime Week 2025
- Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
- Theme: Uniting Oceans, One Maritime Vision
- Key Port Project: Vadhwan Port (to be among world’s top 10)
- India’s Coastline: 7,500 km
- Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): 23.7 lakh sq. km
8. Elon Musk Launches Grokipedia – An Al-Powered Encyclopedia
Key Highlights:
- Elon Musk’s xAI has launched Grokipedia, an Al-based encyclopedia to rival Wikipedia.
- Launched on: 27th October 2025 (Version 0.1).
- Integrated with Musk’s Al chatbot Grok, available on X (formerly Twitter) for premium users.
9. India Shines in Global Forest Rankings
Key Highlights:
- India ranks 9th in the world in total forest area, as per GFRA 2025 (FAO).
- 3rd in annual forest area gain, showing strong growth in forest cover.
- 5th largest carbon sink nation, with forests removing 150 million tonnes of $\text{CO}_2$ every year (2021–2025).
- India has 72.7 million hectares of total forest area, which is about 2% of global forests.
- Over 50% of world forests are in Russia, Brazil, Canada, USA, and China.
10. Global Firepower Index 2025: World’s 10 Most Powerful Militaries Ranked
Key Highlights:
- The Global Firepower (GFP) Index 2025 ranks the world’s strongest militaries using $60+$ factors like manpower, defense budget, logistics, and strategic capability.
Top 4 Militaries (Global Firepower Index 2025):
- 1 United States — PwrIndx: 0.0744
- 2 Russia — PwrIndx: 0.0788
- 3 China — PwrIndx: 0.0788
- 4 India — PwrIndx: 0.1184
- A lower PwrIndx score = higher overall military capability.
